ʻO ka Alloy Kūpaʻa i ka ʻAʻaiMonel 400Paipu ʻAla Nickel Poepoe

Wehewehena
ʻO Monel 400 (UNS N04400/2.4360) kahi metala nickel-keleawe me ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i nā ʻano media like ʻole e like me ka wai kai, nā waikawa hydrofluoric a me nā sulfuric dilute, a me nā alkalies.
ʻO Monel 400 e loaʻa ana ma kahi o 30-33% keleawe i loko o kahi matrix nickel he nui nā ʻano like me ka nickel maʻemaʻe kūʻai aku, ʻoiai e hoʻomaikaʻi ana ma luna o nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui. ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana o kekahi hao e hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ke kūʻē ʻana i ka cavitation a me ka erosion i nā noi paipu condenser. ʻO nā hoʻohana nui o Monel 400 ma lalo o nā kūlana o ka wikiwiki o ke kahe a me ka erosion e like me nā ʻau propeller, propellers, pump-impeller blades, casings, condenser tubes, a me nā paipu hoʻololi wela. ʻO ka nui o ka corrosion i ka wai kai e neʻe ana ma lalo o 0.025 mm/makahiki. Hiki i ka alloy ke lua i loko o ka wai kai kūpaʻa, akā naʻe, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻouka ʻana ma mua o ka alloy maʻemaʻe kūʻai aku 200. Ma muli o kona ʻike nickel kiʻekiʻe (approx. 65%), ʻaʻole pale ka alloy i ka haki ʻana o ka chloride stress corrosion. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūʻē ʻana o ka corrosion o Monel 400 i nā waikawa mineral nonoxidizing i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka nickel. Eia nō naʻe, ua loaʻa iā ia ka nāwaliwali like o ka hōʻike ʻana i ke kūpaʻa ʻino loa i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe e like me ka ferric chloride, cupric chloride, wet chlorine, chromic acid, sulfur dioxide, a i ʻole ammonia. I loko o ka hopena hydrochloric a me ka sulfuric acid dilute unaerated, loaʻa i ka alloy ke kūpaʻa pono a hiki i ka nui o 15% ma ka mahana o ka lumi a hiki i ka 2% ma kahi mahana kiʻekiʻe iki, ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 50°C. Ma muli o kēia ʻano kikoʻī, hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Monel 400 i hana ʻia e NiWire i nā kaʻina hana kahi e hiki ai i nā solvents chlorinated ke hana i ka hydrochloric acid ma muli o ka hydrolysis, kahi e hōʻeha ai i ka kila kila maʻamau.
Loaʻa iā Monel 400 ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi i ka palaho ma nā mahana ambient i nā ʻano HF āpau i ka loaʻa ʻole o ka ea. Hoʻonui nā hopena aerated a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana i ka wikiwiki o ka palaho. Hiki ke maʻalahi ka alloy i ka haki ʻana o ka corrosion stress i ka mahu hydrofluoric a i ʻole hydrofluorosilic acid vapor. Hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia kēia ma ka deaeration o nā kaiapuni a i ʻole ma ka anneal hoʻomaha stress o ka ʻāpana i nīnau ʻia.
ʻO nā noi maʻamau he mau ʻāpana valve a me ka pamu, nā ʻau propeller, nā mea paʻa moana a me nā mea hoʻopaʻa, nā ʻāpana uila, nā lako hana kemika, nā pahu ʻaila a me nā pahu wai maʻemaʻe, nā lako hana petroleum, nā mea hoʻomehana wai hānai paila a me nā mea hoʻololi wela ʻē aʻe.
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