ʻO ke uea enamel ka mea maka nui o ka motika, nā lako uila a me nā lako hale. ʻOi loa i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻokō ka ʻoihana mana uila i ka ulu wikiwiki a mau, a ʻo ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki ʻana o nā lako hale ua lawe mai i kahi kahua ākea no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke uea enameled, a ukali ʻia e nā koi kiʻekiʻe no ke uea enameled. No kēia kumu, he mea hiki ʻole ke pale ʻia ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ke ʻano huahana o ke uea enameled, a ʻo nā mea maka (keleawe a me ka lacquer), ke kaʻina hana enameled, nā lako hana a me nā ʻano ʻike e pono koke ana i ka hoʻomohala a me ka noiʻi [1].
I kēia manawa, aia ma mua o 1000 mau mea hana uea enameled ma Kina, a ua ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hana makahiki ma mua o 250000 ~ 300000 tons. Akā ma ke ʻano laulā, ʻo ke kūlana o ka uea enameled o Kina he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ma ke ʻano laulā, "hana kiʻekiʻe, papa haʻahaʻa, lako hoʻi hope". I kēia kūlana, pono e lawe ʻia mai nā uea enameled kiʻekiʻe no nā lako hale, ʻaʻole hoʻi e komo i ka hoʻokūkū mākeke honua. No laila, pono mākou e pāpālua i kā mākou hana e hoʻololi i ke kūlana o kēia manawa, i hiki i ka ʻenehana uea enameled o Kina ke hoʻomau i ke koi o ka mākeke, a hoʻokūkū ma ka mākeke honua.

Ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā ʻano like ʻole
1) Uea ʻenamel Acetal
ʻO ke uea enamelled acetal kekahi o nā ʻano mua loa o ka honua. Ua hoʻokomo ʻia ma ka mākeke e Kelemania a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i ka makahiki 1930. Ua ulu wikiwiki hoʻi ka Soviet Union. Aia ʻelua ʻano o ka polyvinyl formal a me ka polyvinyl acetal. Ua aʻo maikaʻi ʻo Kina iā lākou i nā makahiki 1960. ʻOiai he haʻahaʻa ke kūlana kūʻē wela o ke uea enameled (105 ° C, 120 ° C), hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i ka mea hoʻololi i hoʻokomo ʻia i ka ʻaila ma muli o kona kūʻē ʻana i ka hydrolysis wela kiʻekiʻe. Ua hōʻoia ʻia kēia ʻano e nā ʻāina āpau o ka honua. I kēia manawa, aia nō kahi helu liʻiliʻi o ka hana ʻana ma Kina, ʻoiai ke hoʻohana ʻia nei ke uea pālahalaha acetal enameled e hana i ke alakaʻi transposed no ka mea hoʻololi nui [1].
2) Uea enamel polyester
I ka waena o nā makahiki 1950, ua hoʻomohala mua ʻo West Germany i ka pena uea enameled polyester e hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka dimethyl terephthalate. Ma muli o kona kūpaʻa wela maikaʻi a me ka ikaika mechanical, ka laulā o ke kaʻina hana pena a me ke kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa, ua lilo ia i huahana nui e noho aliʻi ana i ka mākeke uea enameled mai ka makahiki 1950. Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o ke kūpaʻa haʻalulu wela maikaʻi ʻole a me ka hydrolysis maʻalahi ma lalo o ke ana wela kiʻekiʻe a me nā kūlana haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻole i hana hou ʻia ka uea enameled polyester ma ke ʻano he uhi hoʻokahi ma West Germany a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i ka hopena o nā makahiki 1970, akā ua hana mau ʻia a hoʻohana ʻia i nā nui he nui ma Iapana, Kina a me Asia Hikina Hema. Hōʻike nā helu helu i ka makahiki 1986 ʻo ka hana ʻana o ka uea enameled polyester ma Kina he 96.4% o ka huina o ka hana. Ma hope o 10 mau makahiki o ka hoʻoikaika ʻana, ua hoʻomohala ʻia nā ʻano uea enameled, akā aia kahi ʻokoʻa nui i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻāina i hoʻomohala ʻia.
Ua hana ʻia ka nui o ka hana ma ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka polyester ma Kina, me ka hoʻololi ʻana o THEIC a me ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka imine. Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o ka lohi o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o ke ʻano o ka uea enameled, ua liʻiliʻi nō ka hana ʻana o kēia mau ʻano pena ʻelua. A hiki i kēia manawa, pono e makaʻala ʻia ka hāʻule ʻana o ke ana o ka uila o ka uea enameled polyester i hoʻololi ʻia.
3) Uea enamel polyurethane
Ua hoʻomohala ʻia ka pena uea polyurethane enamelled e Bayer i ka makahiki 1937. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia ma nā kahua o nā mea uila a me nā mīkini uila ma muli o kona hiki ke kūʻai pololei ʻia, ke kūʻē ʻana i ke alapine kiʻekiʻe a me ka hiki ke hoʻoluʻu ʻia. I kēia manawa, nānā nui nā ʻāina ʻē i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka pae kūʻē wela o ka uea polyurethane enameled me ka ʻole o ka hoʻopilikia ʻana i kāna hana kuʻi pololei. Ma ʻEulopa, ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ua hoʻomohala ʻo Iapana i kahi uea polyurethane enameled F-class, H-class. Ma muli o ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā seti TV kala, ʻo ka uea polyurethane enameled me ka pinhole paʻakai nui no ka TV kala FBT i hoʻomohala ʻia e Iapana ua huki i ka manaʻo o nā ʻāina āpau o ka honua, a ke hele nei ia ma mua o Iapana.
Lohi ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka uea enameled polyurethane kūloko. ʻOiai ua hana ʻia ka pena polyurethane maʻamau e kekahi mau hale hana, ma muli o ka hiki ke hana maikaʻi ʻole, ka maikaʻi o ka ʻili a me nā pilikia ʻē aʻe, ua lawe nui ʻia mai ka pena. Ua hoʻomohala ʻia ka polyurethane Papa F ma Kina, akā ʻaʻohe mana hana i hoʻokumu ʻia. Ua hoʻomohala kūleʻa ʻia ka pena polyurethane nui me ka ʻole o nā lua pinhole a ua kau ʻia ma ka mākeke, hoʻohana nui ʻia no ka hana ʻana i ka wili FBT o ke kīwī ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo.
4) Uea enamel Polyesterimide
Ma muli o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana o ke kūpaʻa wela ma o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka polyesterimide, ua piʻi nui ka nui o ka uea enameled polyesterimide ma ka honua mai ka makahiki 1970. Ma ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika, ua pani piha ka uea enameled i ka uea enameled polyester uhi hoʻokahi. I kēia manawa, ʻo nā huahana i koho ʻia ma ka honua he mau huahana terebe FH series mai Kelemania a me nā huahana isomid series mai ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. I ka manawa like, ua hoʻomohala mākou i ka uea enameled polyesterimide solderable pololei, kahi i hoʻohana nui ʻia e like me ka wili ʻana o ka motika liʻiliʻi, e hoʻomaʻalahi ana i ke kaʻina hana kuʻi a hoʻemi i ke kumukūʻai hana o ka motika. Hoʻohana pū kekahi poʻe Kepanī i ka pena polyesterimide solderable pololei ma ke ʻano he primer o ka uea enameled hoʻopili ponoʻī no ka coil deflection TV kala, kahi e hoʻomaʻalahi ai i ke kaʻina hana. Ua hoʻolauna ka pena polyesterimide kūloko i ka ʻenehana hana mai Kelemania a me Italia, a ua hoʻomohala pono ʻia hoʻi. Eia naʻe, ma muli o ka paʻa ʻole o nā mea maka a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe, he nui ka pena polyesterimide kūloko i hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he primer uea enameled composite resistant refrigerant e hilinaʻi mau ana i nā mea lawe mai. He kakaikahi wale nō o nā uea polyesterimide enameled uhi hoʻokahi i hoʻopili ʻia me ka pena kūloko, akā ʻo ka paʻa ʻole o ke uila ke hopohopo nei i nā mea hana. Ua hoʻomohala pono ʻia ka pena polyesterimide kūʻai pololei e ka Cable Research Institute.
5) Uea enamel Polyimide
ʻO ka Polyimide ka pena uea enameled kūpaʻa loa i ka wela ma waena o nā uea enameled organik i kēia manawa, a hiki i kona mahana lawelawe lōʻihi ke piʻi ma luna o 220 ° C. Ua hoʻomohala ʻia ka pena e ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i ka makahiki 1958. He kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe ko ka uea enameled Polyimide, kūpaʻa maikaʻi i ka solvent a me ke kūpaʻa refrigerant. Eia naʻe, ma muli o kona kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe, kūpaʻa maikaʻi ʻole o ka mālama ʻana a me ka ʻawahia, ua hoʻopilikia ʻia kona hoʻohana ākea. I kēia manawa, hoʻohana ʻia ka uea enameled i kekahi mau hanana kūikawā, e like me ka mīkini mine lanahu, nā mea hana lewa a pēlā aku.
6) Pena polyamide imide
ʻO ka pena polyamide imide kahi ʻano pena uea enameled me ka hana kūlike piha, ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe, nā waiwai mechanical, ke kūpaʻa refrigerant a me ke kūpaʻa kemika, no laila ua kaulana ʻo ia no ke aliʻi o ka pena uea enameled. I kēia manawa, hoʻohana nui ʻia ka pena no kona mau waiwai kū hoʻokahi, a hoʻohana nui ʻia e like me ka topcoat o ka uhi hui enameled e hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūpaʻa wela o ka uea hui a hoʻemi i ke kumukūʻai. I kēia manawa, hoʻohana nui ʻia e uhi i ka uea enameled pale hau ma Kina, a he liʻiliʻi o kēia pena i hana ʻia ma Kina, lawe nui ʻia mai ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, Italia a me Kelemānia.
7) Uea enameled uhi hui
Hoʻohana maʻamau ʻia ka papa insulation composite e hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūlana kūʻē i ka mahana a hoʻomohala i ka uea enameled kumu kūikawā. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka uea enameled uhi hoʻokahi, loaʻa i ka uea enameled uhi hui nā pono penei: (1) hiki iā ia ke hoʻokō i nā koi noi kūikawā, e like me ka uea enameled hoʻopili ponoʻī no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka frameless paʻakikī, ka uea enameled kūpaʻa refrigerant no ka friji a me ka compressor air conditioner, a pēlā aku, hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ma o ka ʻano uhi hui; (2) hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaikaʻi a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana lawelawe ma o ka hui pū ʻana o nā papa insulation like ʻole e hoʻokō i nā koi noi, No ka laʻana, hoʻomaikaʻi ka uea enameled uhi polyester / nylon i ka hana haʻalulu thermal a me ka hana wili, kahi kūpono no ke kaʻina hana hoʻoluʻu wela, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no nā wili mīkini me ka wela koke ma muli o ka overload; (3) hiki iā ia ke hoʻemi i ke kumukūʻai o kekahi mau uea enameled, e like me ka polyester imide a me ka polyamide imide composite coating enameled wire e pani ana i ka uea enameled polyamide imide coating hoʻokahi, hiki ke hoʻemi nui i ke kumukūʻai.

hoʻokaʻawale ʻana
1.1 e like me ka mea hoʻokaʻawale
1.1.1 uea enamel acetal
1.1.2 uea ʻōwili pena polyester
1.1.3 uea uhi polyurethane
1.1.4 uea ʻōwili pena polyester i hoʻololi ʻia
1.1.5 polyester imimide uea enameled
1.1.6 polyester / polyamide imide uea enameled
1.1.7 uea enamel polyimide
1.2 e like me ke kumu o ka uea enameled
1.2.1 uea enameled kumu maʻamau (laina maʻamau): hoʻohana nui ʻia no nā uea wili i nā motika maʻamau, nā mīkini uila, nā mea kani, nā mea hoʻololi a me nā manawa hana ʻē aʻe, e like me ka uea wahī pena polyester a me ka laina wahī pena polyester i hoʻololi ʻia.
1.2.2 laina uhi pale wela: nā uea wili i hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā motika, nā mīkini uila, nā mea kani, nā mea hoʻololi a me nā manawa hana ʻē aʻe, e like me ka uea uhi polyester imimide, uea uhi polyimide, laina uhi pena polyester, laina uhi hui polyester imimide / polyamide imide.
1.2.3 uea enameled kumu kūikawā: pili i ka uea wili me kekahi mau ʻano maikaʻi a hoʻohana ʻia i nā hanana kikoʻī, e like me ka uea ʻōwili pena polyurethane (waiwai kuʻi pololei), uea ʻōwili pena hoʻopili ponoʻī.
1.3 e like me ka mea alakaʻi, ua māhele ʻia i uea keleawe, uea alumini a me ka uea metala.
1.4 e like me ke ʻano o ka mea, ua māhele ʻia i ka laina poepoe, ka laina pālahalaha a me ka laina hakahaka.
1.5 e like me ka mānoanoa o ka insulation
1.5.1 laina poepoe: ʻAila lahilahi-1, ʻaila mānoanoa-2, ʻaila mānoanoa-3 (kūlana aupuni).
1.5.2 laina pālahalaha: pena maʻamau ʻAiʻoniʻoni-1, pena mānoanoa ʻaʻiʻoniʻoni-2.
Laina ʻona
Uea (e laʻa me ka laka) i hoʻopili ponoʻī ʻia ma lalo o ka hana a ka waiʻona
Laina ea wela
Uea (e laʻa me PEI) he pipili ponoʻī ma lalo o ka hana a ka wela
Uea pālua
Uea e hoʻopili ponoʻī ana ma lalo o ka hana a ka waiʻona a i ʻole ka wela
ʻAno hōʻike
1. hōʻailona + code
1.1 code moʻo: haku mele ʻana o ka wili enameled: uea wili pepa q-pepa: Z
1.2 mea alakaʻi: Keleawe Alakaʻi: t (i kāpae ʻia) alakaʻi alumini: l
1.3 nā mea hoʻopaʻa:
Y. A polyamide (nylon maʻemaʻe) e acetal, polyurethane mahana haʻahaʻa B polyurethane f polyurethane, polyester h polyurethane, polyester imides, polyester i hoʻololi ʻia n polyamide imide composite polyester a i ʻole polyesterimide polyamide imide r polyamide imide polyimide C-aryl polyimide
Pena aila: Y (i kāpae ʻia) pena polyester: Z pena polyester i hoʻololi ʻia: Z (g) pena acetal: Q pena polyurethane: a pena polyamide: X pena polyimide: y pena epoxy: H pena polyester imimide: ZY polyamide imide: XY
1.4 nā ʻano alakaʻi: laina pālahalaha: laina pōʻai-b: Y (i kāpae ʻia) laina hakahaka: K
1.5 mānoanoa o ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni: laina poepoe: lahilahi ʻAiʻoniʻoni-1 ʻaʻahu mānoanoa-2 ʻaʻahu mānoanoa-3 laina pālahalaha: ʻAʻahu maʻamau-1 ʻaʻahu mānoanoa-2
Ua hōʻike ʻia ka papa wela 1.6 e /xxx
2. kumu hoʻohālike
2.1 ua kapa ʻia ke kumu hoʻohālike huahana o ka laina enameled ma o ka hui pū ʻana o ka leka pinyin Kina a me nā helu Arabika: ʻo kona ʻano e komo pū ana me nā ʻāpana aʻe. Ua hui pū ʻia nā ʻāpana i luna ma ke kaʻina, ʻo ia ke kumu hoʻohālike huahana o ka laina pūʻolo pena.
3. kumu hoʻohālike + kikoʻī + helu maʻamau
3.1 nā laʻana o ka hōʻike huahana
A. Uea poepoe hao enamelled polyester, ʻili pena mānoanoa, papa wela 130, anawaena inoa 1.000mm, e like me ke kūlana gb6i09.7-90, i hōʻike ʻia penei: qz-2 / 130 1.000 gb6109.7-90
B. Ua uhi ʻia nā ʻāpana polyester imides me ka uea hao pālahalaha, ka ʻili pena maʻamau, me ka pae wela o 180, ka ʻaoʻao a o 2.000mm, ka ʻaoʻao B o 6.300mm, a me ka hoʻokō ʻana o gb/t7095.4-1995, i hōʻike ʻia penei: qzyb-1/180 2.000 x6.300 gb/t7995.4-1995
3.2 ʻōpuʻu keleawe poepoe ʻole oxygen
Uea ʻenamelo
Uea ʻenamelo
3.2.1 code moʻo: pou keleawe poepoe no ka ʻenekinia uila
3.2.3 e like me nā ʻano o ke kūlana: kūlana palupalu R, kūlana paʻakikī y
3.2.4 e like me nā ʻano hana: pae 1-1, pae 2-2
3.2.5 kumu hoʻohālike huahana, kikoʻī a me ka helu maʻamau
Eia kekahi laʻana: ʻo ke anawaena he 6.7mm, a ua hōʻike ʻia ke koʻokoʻo keleawe poepoe ʻole oxygen paʻakikī papa 1 ma ke ʻano he twy-16.7 gb3952.2-89
3.3 uea keleawe ʻōlohelohe
3.3.1 uea keleawe ʻōlohelohe: t
3.3.2 e like me nā ʻano o ke kūlana: kūlana palupalu R, kūlana paʻakikī y
3.3.3 e like me ke ʻano o ka mea: laina pālahalaha B, laina pōʻai y (i kāpae ʻia)
3.3.4 laʻana: uea hao poepoe paʻakikī me ke anawaena o 3.00mm ty3.00 gb2953-89