I ke koho ʻana i nā mea ʻoihana, "ʻO wai ka mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, nickel a i ʻole ke keleawe?" he nīnau maʻamau mai nā mea kūʻai aku. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻohe "ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi," ʻo "ʻoi aku ka kūpono" - ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka nickel i ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka pala a me ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe, ʻoiai ke keleawe e hāʻawi i ka conductivity uila kiʻekiʻe a me ke kumukūʻai kūpono. Hoʻokani kēlā me kēia i kona mau ikaika i nā hiʻohiʻona like ʻole. E hoʻomaka ana mai nā waiwai koʻikoʻi, nā kahua noi, a me nā hoʻohana pono, e kōkua kēia ʻatikala iā ʻoe e wehewehe i ke ʻano koho ma waena o ka nickel a me ke keleawe, e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ka hopena mea kūpono loa no kāu mau pono.

ʻO ka mea mua, hāʻawi ka papa ma lalo nei i kahi hoʻohālikelike maopopo o nā waiwai koʻikoʻi a me nā kuhikuhi hoʻololi ma waenanikala(ma muli o kā mākou huahana nikala maʻemaʻe, me ka maʻemaʻe o ≥99.95%) akeleawe(keleawe maʻemaʻe ʻoihana, me ka maʻemaʻe o ≥99.9%):

Mai ka manaʻo o nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻohana pono, ʻoi aku ka maopopo o ka ʻokoʻa o ke koho ʻana ma waena o nā mea ʻelua:

Ma ke kahua o ka conductivity uila, makemake ʻia ke keleawe no nā uea mīkini hale maʻamau a me nā kaula haʻahaʻa-voltage—hoʻokō ia i nā pono conductivity kumu me kona conductivity kiʻekiʻe a me ke kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa. Eia nō naʻe, he mea pono ka nickel no nā uea kūloko o nā mea lapaʻau (e laʻa, nā uea probe peni glucose) a me nā uea hōʻailona mea hana aerospace: pono ka mea mua i ke kū'ē'ē'ana i ka pala o ke kino, aʻo ka mea hope e pono ai ke kū'ē'ē'ana i ka mahana haʻahaʻa (ma lalo o -50 ℃ ma nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe). Ua hoʻololi ʻia kā mākou mau uea nickel maʻemaʻe i hana ʻia me ka hoʻomanawanui o 0.002mm e nā ʻoihana lapaʻau/aerospace he nui.

I nā kūlana pale i ka palaho, ua koho ʻia ka nickel (ʻaʻole ke keleawe) no nā uhi pahu mālama kemika a me nā mea hoʻohui lako moana: palaho ke keleawe i loko o hoʻokahi mahina i nā wahi wai paʻakai a ʻakika paha, ʻoiai ʻo nā uhi pahu mālama i hana ʻia me kā mākou mau papa nickel maʻemaʻe ua noho ʻole ma hope o 3 mau makahiki o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻoihana kemika. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka maopopo o ke keleawe ma mua o ke kumukūʻai no nā mea hoʻonaninani hale a me nā mea hoʻohui maʻamau i nā wahi maloʻo.

I nā noi wela kiʻekiʻe, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka nickel wale nō no nā mea hoʻomehana o nā lako hoʻomehana a me nā uea o nā mea ʻike hoʻopau kaʻa: palupalu a hoʻololi ke keleawe i nā mahana ma luna o 500 ℃, ʻoiai hiki i nā mea hoʻomehana i hana ʻia me kā mākou mau uea nickel maʻemaʻe ke hana paʻa ma 1200 ℃ i loko o nā umu ʻoihana no nā hola he 5000. No ka hoʻomehana ʻana i ka mahana o ka lumi (e laʻa, nā mea hoʻomehana mana haʻahaʻa i nā mīkini hale), hiki ke koho ʻia ke keleawe e hōʻemi i nā kumukūʻai.

ʻO ka mea nui, i ka wā e koi ai kahi kūlana i ka "conductivity o ke keleawe + ke kūpaʻa ʻana o ka nickel i ka pala," ʻo kā mākou huahana metala keleawe-nickel (e laʻa, CuNi40) ka hopena kūpono loa—mālama lākou i ka pono conductive o ke keleawe (conductivity: 15 × 10⁶ S/m) ʻoiai ke kūpaʻa nei ka nickel i ka pala (kūpaʻa ʻana i ka pala o ka wai kai kokoke i ka nickel maʻemaʻe), a ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā kaula moana a me nā lako desalination wai kai.

I ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo, ʻo ke kī i ke koho ʻana ma waena o ka nickel a me ke keleawe aia i loko o "inā pono ke kūpaʻa i ka pala, ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe, a i ʻole ke kūpaʻa haʻahaʻa loa": inā pono kēia mau waiwai, ʻoi aku ka hilinaʻi o ka nickel; inā pono wale nō ke alakaʻi kumu, ke kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa, a me ka hana maʻalahi, ʻoi aku ka kūpono o ke keleawe. Inā kānalua ʻoe e pili ana i ke koho ʻana i nā mea, e ʻoluʻolu e hoʻokaʻaʻike mai iā mākou—hiki iā mākou ke hāʻawi i nā laʻana i hana ʻia o ka nickel, keleawe, a me nā mea hoʻohui keleawe-nickel i loko o 72 mau hola e pili ana i kāu mau palena hiʻohiʻona (e laʻa, ka mahana, waena, nā koi alakaʻi),e kōkua ana iā ʻoe e hoʻohālikelike pololei i ka hopena mea.